Waste Management

Chapters on biodegradable municipal waste management and a case of Moravian Silesian Region

ŠEFLOVÁ, Jitka (ed.)

IREAS, o. p. s.

Summary:

The main goal of the project was to create a proposal of a biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) management system within a selected region in the Czech Republic. This proposal should have suggested a way how to meet goals defined in the directive 1999/31/EC on the Landfill of Waste within this region. Because part of the project outputs were also economic analyses, technological analyses, evaluations of existing knowledge and other interesting facts regarding biodegradable municipal waste, the following publication was created. It represents a kind of guide to apply knowledge also in other regions of the Czech Republic. A body of knowledge which was gained during the project and which could especially help municipalities to create biodegradable municipal waste management systems is included.

Proposal of integrated system of disposal waste in Moravian-Silesian Region

IREAS, Institute for Structural Policy

6/2008–12/2009

Description:

To implement the project a team of experts from the company IREAS, Institute for Structural Policy, Institute of Environmental Engineering VSB – Technical University of Ostrava and other external experts were created. Within the initial descriptive part, the legislation of the biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) management in the Czech Republic was analyzed, existing facilities used to process BMW were identified, a detailed specification of the region (Moravian-Silesian region) was carried out with respect to the biowaste management and foreign experience was evaluated. In the analytical part the summary and evaluation of pilot projects of separate biowaste collection in municipalities in the Czech Republic and abroad were carried out; the logistics of biowaste were analysed from producers to processors in the Moravian-Silesian Region; an economic analysis of the biowaste management in the Czech Republic and analysis of technologies used in the Czech Republic and abroad were carried out. In the last phase of the project layouts of the BMW management system were designed in the Moravian-Silesian region; recommendations were aggregated for other regions and a counselling center about the issue of BMW was created.

The main goal of the project was to create a proposal of the biodegradable municipal waste management system within the selected region (Moravian-Silesian region). This proposal should have indicated how to meet the targets set out in Directive 1999/31/EC on the Landfill of Waste within this region. The project outputs are formulated to become an amenable guide to use the experience also in other regions of the Czech Republic.

Project:

Production and distribution balances for selected wastes in conjunction with proposition of instrument’s mix to the prevention of rise material utilization of wastes

IREAS, Institute for Structural Policy

Description:

To support prevention and waste recovery, it is important to propose appropriate instruments, or an appropriate mix of instruments that ensure achievement of set goals with minimal costs and maximal effect. In relation to the proposal of the mix of instruments the entire structure of waste management should be, however, first analyzed in order to identify the fundamental composition – each individual element and its role in the system, their relations and flows, whether material of financial. The proposed instrumental mix, then have to conform not only to the set waste management sector, but it has to be assessed regarding selected impacts throughout the entire national economy and effects of other policies.

Based on the analysis of individual waste streams (also by using the model of production and sales balances), the aim of the project was to identify instruments that should contribute to solution of defined problems (particularly with regard to support of waste recovery). Within the solution the following consecutive steps were implemented:

– Phase 1: structural analysis of waste management,

– Phase 2: models of production and sales balances of waste management system for selected waste streams – waste from agriculture, waste from mining and quarrying, waste of energy, waste from construction, municipal waste,

– Phase 3: analysis of the economic, administrative and other instruments,

– Phase 4: evaluation of options of instrumental mix in terms of environmental, social and economic impacts on individual target groups of waste management,

– Phase 5:  formulation of conclusions and recommendations.

Project:

Voluntary tools for protection of environment and for policy of prevention and management of small and middle-sized enterprises in connection with Waste management plan of CR (Local activities – global impact)

Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic

IREAS, Institute for Structural Policy

Description:

Small and middle-sized enterprises are one of the key subjects of national economy. They affect significantly the production structure due to its sustainability. There are very important waste producers as well. Voluntary instruments, whose efficiency towards the goals of the Waste Management Plan (hereinafter WMP) will be in these enterprises verified, represent an opportunity to develop and implement prevention and waste minimization policy in enterprises in the way that it becomes a part of the company management and is characterized by a significant impact on the economic, social and environmental enterprise level.

Goals of the project No. 1C/4/12/04b were:

- to verify efficiency of voluntary instruments of environmental protection for policy of prevention and for management of small and middle-sized enterprises in connection to fulfilment of international commitments of the Czech Republic, especially commitments which are part of goals of the WMP of the Czech Republic,

- to set economic, social and environmental quantitative and qualitative impacts of directed change carried out in SMEs by voluntary instruments of environmental protection,

- to verify efficiency of voluntary instruments of environmental protection to fulfil the goals of WMP of the Czech Republic in SMEs,

- to create long-time enterprise programmes to reduce the waste generation reported per union of production,

- to support innovative enterprise behaviour aiming to waste minimization, cleaner technologies and investments into prevention and recycling approaches,

- to support the creation of natural reference and information centers for the transmission of positive project results,

- to implement selected voluntary instruments into participating SMEs,

- to elaborate methodology of WMP creation for producers who had participated on the project.

Economic Models of Complex Costs in Waste Management

Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic

IREAS, o.p.s.

6/2002–12/2004

Description:

Project No. SD/720/2/02 was based on the needs of Economic policy makers in the area of the environment to model impacts of amendments in waste management. Interconnection of many areas between waste management issues allows an opportunity to choose optimal instruments to achieve desired goals. The aim of the project was a development of instruments for regulatory impact analysis of waste management legislation. Solution itself was carried out in relation to a macroeconomic model focusing on each individual type of waste and packaging waste, waste prevention and its reduction. Parts of the solution were based on the comprehensiveness and complexity of the waste management (including of relevant legislation) with relation to the economic system of the Czech Republic.

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